JLPT N5 Grammar

が (ga) Meaning: but, however, still How to use the: Sentence 1 + が + Sentence 2 Explain: 「が」 A serial auxiliary and means “but”. When we use 「が」 to connect two sentences (propositions), we get one sentence. When describing a natural phenomenon, use 「が」 before that topic. Example sentences: 1. …

と (to) Meaning: and, with How to use the: Noun + と + Noun Explain: We use the expression と to indicate that an object (human or animal) performs the same action. Example sentences: 1. 公園に友達と散歩します。 Kōen ni tomodachi to sanpo shimasu. I walked with friends in the park. 2. …

を (o/wo) : only the object of action Meaning: the Explain: The auxiliary 「を」 is used to indicate the direct adverb of the verb Example sentences: 1. 水を飲みます Mizu o nomi masu I drink water 2. 日本語を勉強します。 Nihongo o benkyō shimasu. I study Japanese. 3. 音楽を聞きます. Ongaku o kikimasu. I …

に (ni) Meaning: in, at, on, to How to use the: Noun + に Explain: When we want to talk about a time when certain actions occur, we add the adjective 「に」 and after the noun indicating time. Use 「に」 for actions that occur for a short time. 「に」 is …

に/へ (ni/e) Meaning: to (indicates direction / destination) How to use the: Noun + に/へ Explain: Used to indicate the time Used to indicate the location Used to point to whom Example sentences: 1. 明日、旅行に/ へ行きます。 Ashita, ryokō ni/ e ikimasu. Tomorrow, I will travel 2. 午後６時に帰ります。 Gogo 6-ji ni …

で (de) : Indicates the location of an action Meaning: in, at, on, with, by How to use the: Location + で Explain: Describe where the action occurred. Describe where the event occurred. Describe the cause Demonstration method, method, means. Describe what material / material is made of. Describe a …

も (mo) Meaning: also, too, as well How to use the: Noun + も Explain: Use a description of things / properties / actions similar to a given object / property / action. (to avoid repeating the noun は / verb repeatedly) Example sentences: 1. 山田さんは本を読むことが好きです。私も同じです Yamada-san wa hon o …