Home / Minna no Nihongo / Minna No Nihongo Lesson 45 Grammar

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 45 Grammar

Minna no Nihongo grammar lesson 45 will give us about 2 main grammar points, that is the sentence pattern [ばあいは] and the sentence pattern [のに]. Especially in the sentence pattern [のに], we will review about 2 related sentence patterns that have been learned before, [~ が ~] and [ても].

1. ~ + ばあいは,~
Structure:
Verb form verb + ばあいは,~
Verb form ない + ばあいは,~
Verb form た + ばあいは,~
Adjective tailed い + ばあいは,~
Adjective tailed な + ばあいは,~
Noun の + ばあいは,~

Meaning: In the case, if, …
Usage:
Some way of talking about a certain hypothetical case
The next part is how to handle that case or the result
[ばあい] is a noun so the way to connect it to the preceding word is similar to the definition of a noun from
Example:
Verb:
あめがふったばあいは、がっこうを やすみます
I will quit school if it rains

さんかできないばあいは、 わたし に いってください。
Trường hợp không thể tham gia, xin vui lòng cho tôi biết

* In fact, there is also a sentence form “Verb form verb + ばあいは“, but the assumption of this sentence pattern is not as strong as “Form verb た + ばあいは” and in this curriculum, only the sentence pattern is used ” verb form た + ばあいは ”
With adjectives:
ファックスのちょうしがわるいばあいは、どうしたらいいですか
I should do in the case of the fax machine malfunction?

パスポートがひつようなばあいは、かれにいってください
Please tell him if you need your passport.

With the noun:
かじやじしんのばあいは、エレベーターをつかわないでください
In the event of an earthquake and fire, do not use the elevator.

2. Regular form + のに、~
Meaning: that’s so, yet
Usage: Used when expressing a failure to achieve the expected results in a given situation. The difference to note in this sentence form (compared to saying the same meaning as 「~が」or 「~ても」) is that it implies the feelings, strong feelings of the speaker as dissatisfaction, unexpected
* The regular form of nouns replace [な] with [だ]

Example:
ダイエットしているのに、ふとってしまいました
I’ve been dieting then yet still fat

やくそくをしたのに、かのじょはきませんでした
She made an appointment but she didn’t come

ボタンをおしたのに、コピーできません
I pressed the button but still couldn’t copy

3. The difference between [~のに] and [~が/~ても]
Let’s take a look at the following examples to see the difference
Example:
わたしのへやはせまいですが、きれいです(1)
My room is narrow but beautiful.

あしたあめがふっても、でかけます(2)
tomorrow, even if it rains matter, I still go out.

やくそくしたのに、どうしてこなかったんですか(3)
Already promised, why don’t you come to that?

In examples (1) and (2) it is not possible to use [~ のに] as substitutes for [が] and [ても], because example (1) only joins 2 evaluations that are opposite, not implies only unexpected results, and example (2) only assumes that something has not happened in reality, and does not mean only unexpected results.
For example (3) it is impossible to use [が] and [ても] to replace [~ のに] because example (3) has the opposite, paradoxical opposite of the two sides but implies a sense of disappointment. , dissatisfied or unexpected in the sentence, denotes a strong nuance.

Related Post: Minna No Nihongo Lesson 45 Vocabulary